A – Assess Behavior
The second step of the CARES® Approach is to gently assess behavior. When someone is no longer able to speak or clearly express their thoughts, their actions often become their voice. That’s why it’s so important to assess behavior with care—it can reveal what words cannot.
If your loved one is acting in a way that feels different or unusual, pause and look for subtle signs. These may be signs of discomfort—perhaps they’re in pain, feeling too warm or cold, or simply need to use the bathroom. It might also be something as simple as needing their glasses or hearing aid.
When caring for someone with unusual behavior in dementia, try to step back and gently observe.
Ask yourself:
• What was happening just before, during, and after the behavior? Could this offer a clue?
• Where did it happen? Could the surroundings have played a role?
• When did it take place—what time of day or day of the week? Some moments are more challenging than others.
• Who was around? Sometimes, the presence or absence of a person can affect how someone feels.
These small details can help you assess behavior in a thoughtful, supportive way. Even when there are no words, there is still communication without words—through movement, expression, and actions. And the more you observe with kindness, the more clearly you’ll begin to understand what your loved one needs.
Taking time to assess behavior not only helps you respond more effectively, it also builds trust and brings comfort to both you and the person you’re caring for.
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